अApnaFunda

SUMEET INDUSTRIES LIMITED (SUMEETINDS)

Process Industries

Quality scoreHow the business itself ranks against its sector peers on profitability, 3-year growth and leverage. 50 is the middle of the sector.34 / 100
Profitability 36Balance sheet 31
Momentum scoreHow strong the recent trend is: 3-month price change, 12-month improvement in earnings and the rise in FII + DII holding, among companies above ₹500 cr.42 / 100
Price 0Earnings 60FII/DII 66
Share Price
₹9.18
P/E
24.8x
ROCE
13.0%
Market Cap
₹638 cr
Revenue (TTM)
₹1074 cr
P/S
0.6x
P/B
3.0x
ROE
12.1%
Operating Margin
3.1%
Debt / Equity
0.8x
Promoter Holding
89.8%
12M Momentum
-68.3%

52-week range

₹9.05₹35.67
0% of the way from its 52-week low to its high

Price risk

1Y volatility
51.7%
Beta vs sector
1-year daily
0.79

Balance sheet & cash

Interest cover
operating profit ÷ interest
3.3x
Cash from profit, 3Y
operating cash flow ÷ net profit
2.83x
Share count, 1Y
+26.7%

Was the rally earned?

-68%share price, 1 yearEarnings-driven

Mostly earnings.

  • Per-share earnings took off 261 points, while the multiple moved less (P/E 1.0x to 25.3x).
  • The share count rose 996%.
1 year Net profit growth: -119 pts. Points of the price return explained by net profit growing (or shrinking).-119 ptsP/E change: +193 pts. Points of the price return explained by the market paying a higher or lower P/E multiple.+193 ptsShare count change: -142 pts. Points of the price return explained by the share count changing. More shares count against the price.-142 pts -68% 1 year Net profit growth: -119 pts. Points of the price return explained by net profit growing (or shrinking).-119 ptsP/E change: +193 pts. Points of the price return explained by the market paying a higher or lower P/E multiple.+193 ptsShare count change: -142 pts. Points of the price return explained by the share count changing. More shares count against the price.-142 pts -68%
Net profit growth-119 ptsNet profit fell about 87%, which lowers the price.
P/E change+193 ptsThe P/E rose from 1.0x to 25.3x, which lifts the price.
Share count change-142 ptsShare count rose 996%, which lowers the price.
What do "pts" mean?

"pts" are percentage points of the share price return. The parts add up to the total shown for each period. Because price = P/E × net profit ÷ share count, higher profit pushes the price up, a higher P/E pushes it up, and more shares push it down.

Example: if the price rose 34% and profit growth accounts for +58 pts while a lower P/E accounts for -24 pts, then 58 - 24 = 34. The +58 is not the profit growth rate itself: it is the part of the price move that profit growth explains.

Not shown for 3 years and 5 years: earnings were negative at one end, or there is not enough history.

Net profit is trailing twelve months as reported with a 60-day lag.

Compare this with VARDHMAN TEXTILES LIMTED

What is the price implying?

~23%annual earnings growth implied by the price

At a P/E of 38.1x, the price would imply about 22.9%/yr earnings growth for 10 years under the same assumptions, but it is not ranked.

Fewer than six years of annual earnings are available, which is too little to measure delivered growth.

“Implied growth” is what the current price would require under our stated assumptions, not what we expect.

What prices imply across Process Industries The market-wide Expectations lists

What changed?

  1. Oct '26Fell 74% from the Jul 2026 peak to the Oct 2026 low.
  2. Sep '26Slipped to the bottom quartile of Process Industries on operating margin (from the 3rd quartile).
  3. Jul '26Regained the 2025-10 peak, 5 months after the low.
  4. Jul '26Volume reached 28.7x its 50-day median on 2026-07-01; price +4.0% that day.
  5. Jun '26Moved into the 2nd quartile of Process Industries on ROCE (from the bottom quartile).
  6. Jun '26Share count is up 26.7% over 12 months.
  7. Jun '26Volume reached 37.4x its 50-day median on 2026-06-24; price +0.4% that day.
  8. Feb '26Fell 43% from the Oct 2025 peak to the Feb 2026 low.
Show 7 earlier events
  1. Feb '26Volume reached 12.6x its 50-day median on 2026-02-26; price +7.5% that day.
  2. Oct '25Volume reached 6.7x its 50-day median on 2025-10-08; price -1.9% that day.
  3. Sep '25Promoter holding rose 89.8 pts to 89.8%.
  4. Sep '25Regained the 2025-07 peak, 1 month after the low.
  5. Sep '25Moved into the 3rd quartile of Process Industries on operating margin (from the bottom quartile).
  6. Aug '25Fell 26% from the Jul 2025 peak to the Aug 2025 low.
  7. Aug '25Volume reached 10.0x its 50-day median on 2025-08-19; price +2.0% that day.

Events are generated from the data by fixed rules.
The month shown is when the change became visible in the reported figures, assuming a 60-day lag after each quarter end; it is not an announcement date.

Where price and fundamentals disagree, market-wide Rewind the whole market to any month

Are profits backed by cash?

5 of 5 checks are within range.
Tap a check to see how it is measured.

Other income reliance11%Within range

Other income as a share of pre-tax profit (trailing twelve months): 11.1%. Bands: below 15%, 15% to 35%, above 35%.

Tax rate18%Within range

Median quarterly effective tax rate over about 2.5 years: 18.5%. Bands: 15% to 35%, 5% to 15% or 35% to 50%, outside 5% to 50%.

Cash conversion2.83xWithin range

Operating cash flow divided by net profit over the last three fiscal years: 2.83x (cash from operations ₹390 cr, net profit ₹138 cr). Bands: 0.8x and above, 0.5x to 0.8x, below 0.5x.

Free cash flow4 of 5 yrsWithin range

Fiscal years with positive free cash flow in the last 5: 4. Bands: at least 80% of years, 40% to 80%, below 40%.

Receivable days vs history—Not enough data

Not enough reported data to compute this.

Capital work in progress24% of fixed assetsWithin range

Capital work-in-progress is 24% of fixed assets. Bands: not rising or up to 30%; rising for three years and above 30%; rising and above 60%.

Payable days—Not enough data

Not enough reported data to compute this.

How to read this

Each check is a named rule with fixed thresholds, not a score. Annual statements are the latest restated figures, so a past year may differ from what was originally reported.

All terms explained in the glossary →

Who has been buying and selling?

  • Since Mar 2025, promoters added 89.8 pts.
  • The number of shareholders fell from 42,511 to 32,058 (-25%) between Mar 2025 and Jun 2026.

Holdings, Jun '26

How each group changed

GroupMar '25Jun '26Change
Promoters0.0%89.8%+89.8 pts
FIIs0.0%0.3%+0.3 pts
DIIs0.0%0.0%0.0 pts
Public and others100.0%9.8%-90.2 pts

Number of shareholders

32,058shareholders-25% since Mar '25
29k33k38k43k Mar '25Jun '25Sep '25Dec '25Mar '26Jun '26
Mar '25: 42,511
Jun '25: 28,674
Sep '25: 30,756
Dec '25: 32,360
Mar '26: 31,676
Jun '26: 32,058
29k33k38k43k Mar '25Sep '25Mar '26Jun '26
Mar '25: 42,511
Jun '25: 28,674
Sep '25: 30,756
Dec '25: 32,360
Mar '26: 31,676
Jun '26: 32,058

Quarterly shareholding as reported, labelled by the quarter it covers (it becomes visible about two months later).
Shareholder counts are only available for recent quarters.

This quarter's smart-money board

How rough has the ride been?

Maximum drawdown-74.0%not yet recovered
1-year volatility51.7%annualised
Volume spikes22last 90 sessions, 5x the 50-day median

Monthly share price

₹9₹16₹23₹30 Jun '25Oct '25Feb '26Jun '26Oct '26
2025-06: ₹13.57
2025-07: ₹21.26
2025-08: ₹18.40
2025-09: ₹29.85
2025-10: ₹29.00
2025-11: ₹27.85
2025-12: ₹26.43
2026-01: ₹22.67
2026-02: ₹23.67
2026-03: ₹25.56
2026-04: ₹25.87
2026-05: ₹23.97
2026-06: ₹28.35
2026-07: ₹22.29
2026-08: ₹12.28
2026-09: ₹10.92
2026-10: ₹9.18
₹9₹16₹23₹30 Jun '25Dec '25Jun '26Oct '26
2025-06: ₹13.57
2025-07: ₹21.26
2025-08: ₹18.40
2025-09: ₹29.85
2025-10: ₹29.00
2025-11: ₹27.85
2025-12: ₹26.43
2026-01: ₹22.67
2026-02: ₹23.67
2026-03: ₹25.56
2026-04: ₹25.87
2026-05: ₹23.97
2026-06: ₹28.35
2026-07: ₹22.29
2026-08: ₹12.28
2026-09: ₹10.92
2026-10: ₹9.18

Last 90 trading days

₹9₹18₹27₹35 Jun 23Jul 20Aug 13Sep 8Oct 6Oct 30
2026-06-23: ₹27.23
2026-06-25: ₹27.20
2026-06-30: ₹28.35
2026-07-02: ₹29.83
2026-07-06: ₹31.06
2026-07-08: ₹31.35
2026-07-10: ₹31.72
2026-07-14: ₹32.72
2026-07-16: ₹33.26
2026-07-20: ₹35.30
2026-07-22: ₹31.87
2026-07-24: ₹28.77
2026-07-28: ₹25.98
2026-07-30: ₹23.46
2026-08-03: ₹21.18
2026-08-05: ₹19.13
2026-08-07: ₹17.28
2026-08-11: ₹15.60
2026-08-13: ₹14.08
2026-08-17: ₹14.08
2026-08-19: ₹12.75
2026-08-21: ₹13.52
2026-08-25: ₹12.95
2026-08-27: ₹12.99
2026-08-31: ₹12.28
2026-09-02: ₹11.34
2026-09-04: ₹11.50
2026-09-08: ₹11.39
2026-09-10: ₹10.95
2026-09-15: ₹10.24
2026-09-17: ₹9.35
2026-09-21: ₹10.03
2026-09-23: ₹11.05
2026-09-25: ₹12.18
2026-09-29: ₹11.20
2026-10-01: ₹10.38
2026-10-06: ₹11.43
2026-10-08: ₹11.40
2026-10-12: ₹11.75
2026-10-14: ₹11.13
2026-10-16: ₹10.80
2026-10-21: ₹10.22
2026-10-23: ₹9.55
2026-10-27: ₹9.28
2026-10-29: ₹9.39
2026-10-30: ₹9.18
₹9₹18₹27₹35 Jun 23Aug 5Sep 17Oct 30
2026-06-23: ₹27.23
2026-06-25: ₹27.20
2026-06-30: ₹28.35
2026-07-02: ₹29.83
2026-07-06: ₹31.06
2026-07-08: ₹31.35
2026-07-10: ₹31.72
2026-07-14: ₹32.72
2026-07-16: ₹33.26
2026-07-20: ₹35.30
2026-07-22: ₹31.87
2026-07-24: ₹28.77
2026-07-28: ₹25.98
2026-07-30: ₹23.46
2026-08-03: ₹21.18
2026-08-05: ₹19.13
2026-08-07: ₹17.28
2026-08-11: ₹15.60
2026-08-13: ₹14.08
2026-08-17: ₹14.08
2026-08-19: ₹12.75
2026-08-21: ₹13.52
2026-08-25: ₹12.95
2026-08-27: ₹12.99
2026-08-31: ₹12.28
2026-09-02: ₹11.34
2026-09-04: ₹11.50
2026-09-08: ₹11.39
2026-09-10: ₹10.95
2026-09-15: ₹10.24
2026-09-17: ₹9.35
2026-09-21: ₹10.03
2026-09-23: ₹11.05
2026-09-25: ₹12.18
2026-09-29: ₹11.20
2026-10-01: ₹10.38
2026-10-06: ₹11.43
2026-10-08: ₹11.40
2026-10-12: ₹11.75
2026-10-14: ₹11.13
2026-10-16: ₹10.80
2026-10-21: ₹10.22
2026-10-23: ₹9.55
2026-10-27: ₹9.28
2026-10-29: ₹9.39
2026-10-30: ₹9.18

Drawdown from peak

0% -37% -74% Jun '25Feb '26Oct '26 0% -37% -74% Jun '25Feb '26Oct '26
Largest drawdowns

-74.0% (2026-07 peak to 2026-10 low, not yet recovered)

-43.1% (2025-10 peak to 2026-02 low, recovered 2026-07)

-25.7% (2025-07 peak to 2025-08 low, recovered 2025-09)

Most recent volume spikes

2026-08-14: 5.2x the 50-day median, price +4.9% that day

2026-08-13: 6.1x the 50-day median, price -5.0% that day

2026-08-12: 14.2x the 50-day median, price -5.0% that day

Where does it rank among Process Industries peers?

Each cell is the company's percentile rank among its Process Industries peers (non-financial companies) that month.
Darker is better-ranked.
Rows marked ↓ are inverted (lower debt, shorter cash cycle and a lower P/E rank higher).

ROCE
Op. margin
Revenue growth
EPS growth
Debt/equity ↓
Cash cycle ↓
P/E ↓
12M momentum
Nov '21Jul '22Jan '23Jul '23Jan '24Jul '24Jan '25Jul '25Jan '26Oct '26
Lower rank Higher rank Not enough data

Percentiles use today's listed companies in the sector and need at least 5 peers with a value; grey cells have too few.
ROE is computed from net profit and book value where the source does not report it.

The Process Industries sector page Watch it move against Process Industries in the Observatory

What else looks like this?

Companies with the most similar financial profile today, regardless of industry.

CompanySectorSimilarityClosest on
NELCAST (NELCAST)Non-Energy Minerals68%operating margin, P/E
MMP INDUSTRIES (MMP)Non-Energy Minerals65%ROCE, P/E
PYRAMID TECHNOPLAST (PYRAMID)Producer Manufacturing65%market cap, debt/equity
MUNJAL AUTO INDUSTRIES (MUNJALAU)Producer Manufacturing60%debt/equity, operating margin
PATEL RETAIL (PATELRMART)Retail Trade56%revenue, market cap
UTTAM SUGAR MILLS (UTTAMSUGAR)Process Industries56%operating margin, debt/equity
BOMBAY SUPER HYBRID SEEDS (BSHSL)Process Industries54%debt/equity, market cap
NRAGARWAL INDUSTRIES (NRAIL)Process Industries50%debt/equity, promoter holding

Similarity is statistical, based on reported metrics; it does not imply similar business quality or future returns.

What happened next to similar setups

+7.8%typical 12-month return vs the marketNot meaningfully different from the base rate
  • We found 50 past situations where a non-financial company looked like SUMEET INDUSTRIES LIMITED today on valuation, return on capital, margins, debt, growth, price momentum, size and volatility.
  • Over the following 12 months the middle half of them returned −23% to +70% vs the market, against −2% for all non-financial companies in the same months.
  • The gap against the base rate (+9.6%, 80% range −1.6% to +20.2%) is within what chance and overlapping periods produce.

Where the 50 outcomes landed

−100%−50%0%+50%+100%
OSWALSEEDS · Mar 2024: −61.4% vs market
ASIANTILES · Jan 2022: −50.0% vs market
PAKKA · Oct 2025: −47.6% vs market
USASEEDS · May 2024: −43.0% vs market
FOODSIN · Sep 2024: −30.4% vs market
SCPL · Nov 2023: −30.2% vs market
HMAAGRO · Oct 2024: −28.5% vs market
BESTAGRO · May 2025: −28.2% vs market
KHAICHEM · Jun 2023: −27.0% vs market
SALASAR · Feb 2025: −25.9% vs market
ZEELEARN · Oct 2020: −25.4% vs market
HINDWAREAP · May 2024: −24.4% vs market
DYNPRO · Jan 2023: −23.8% vs market
MAHESHWARI · Jan 2021: −21.1% vs market
IFGLEXPOR · Dec 2024: −13.0% vs market
ASTRON · Aug 2020: −11.7% vs market
VISHWARAJ · May 2022: −9.1% vs market
EMIL · May 2025: −7.2% vs market
STYRENIX · Apr 2022: −4.7% vs market
SHIVATEX · Jan 2023: −2.7% vs market
HIKAL · Jul 2022: −1.6% vs market
GVT&D · Oct 2020: −1.1% vs market
REPRO · Jan 2021: −1.0% vs market
COASTCORP · Jan 2023: +3.8% vs market
MEGASTAR · Nov 2024: +7.5% vs market
GRMOVER · Jan 2024: +8.0% vs market
SDBL · Jan 2021: +12.0% vs market
LANDMARK · Aug 2024: +12.6% vs market
VIPCLOTHNG · May 2024: +15.7% vs market
GLOBUSSPR · Jun 2024: +21.7% vs market
BIL · Jul 2020: +22.2% vs market
SOUTHWEST · May 2024: +25.6% vs market
WELSPUNLIV · Sep 2022: +42.0% vs market
KOTYARK · Jun 2025: +43.1% vs market
LOKESHMACH · May 2025: +45.7% vs market
MARINE · Apr 2022: +46.3% vs market
KDDL · Apr 2020: +68.4% vs market
RICOAUTO · Mar 2025: +71.0% vs market
CAPACITE · Jul 2022: +76.5% vs market
BAJAJHCARE · Jan 2024: +76.7% vs market
WABAG · Jun 2020: +98.6% vs market
DYNAMATECH · Jul 2020: +102.5% vs market
SIYSIL · Oct 2020: +110.4% vs market
SANGHIIND · Jul 2022: +116.1% vs market
LUMAXIND · Apr 2022: +116.2% vs market
MMFL · Jun 2020: +124.5% vs market
CAMLINFINE · May 2024: +139.4% vs market
SOMANYCERA · May 2020: +160.5% vs market
EVEREADY · Jan 2020: +192.9% vs market
ICEMAKE · Oct 2021: +323.9% vs market
Similar setups +7.8%All companies −1.8%← worse than the marketbetter than the market →

Each dot is one past situation (hover or tap for details) · Solid dots are the closest matches, listed below · Shaded is the middle half of all companies in the same months · 9 beyond the range shown, drawn at the edge

Similar setups' median
+7.8%
All companies' median
−1.8%
Beat the market
54% vs 48%

50 past situations · 50 companies · 31 months · 2020–2025

The closest matches

CompanyWhenP/EROCE12M mom.DrawdownNext 12 months
CAMLINFINE
Process Industries
May 2024 31x10% −44%−48% +139%
OSWALSEEDS
Process Industries
Mar 2024 47x14% −46%−56% −61%
DYNPRO
Consumer Non-Durables
Jan 2023 22x10% −54%−61% −24%
KOTYARK
Process Industries
Jun 2025 22x13% −68%−73% +43%
ASTRON
Process Industries
Aug 2020 15x14% −55%−63% −12%
Show the other 3 matches
CompanyWhenP/EROCE12M mom.DrawdownNext 12 months
SOMANYCERA
Producer Manufacturing
May 2020 10x11% −77%−77% +161%
SALASAR
Producer Manufacturing
Feb 2025 27x16% −65%−66% −26%
EVEREADY
Producer Manufacturing
Jan 2020 9x19% −74%−75% +193%
How reliable is this?

Matched on P/E, P/S, ROCE, operating margin, debt/equity, interest cover, revenue growth, 12-month momentum, drawdown from 12-month high, size and volatility. Closest on: interest cover, ROCE and 12-month momentum. One match per company and at most 7 from any one month.

Independent periods: the matches fall in 6 distinct 12-month windows. Matches from nearby months share the same market conditions, so fewer windows means less evidence.

How this is built

This is history, not a forecast. These are past situations where other companies had broadly similar reported numbers and price trends. What happened to them does not tell you what will happen to SUMEET INDUSTRIES LIMITED. The comparison covers only 2020–2025, a single market period, and only companies still listed today. Companies that were delisted or went bankrupt are missing, which makes past outcomes look better than they were. Returns exclude dividends and are measured against an ApnaFunda-built index, not an official benchmark. Fundamentals are matched on a 60-day assumed reporting lag, not actual announcement dates. Its historical skill has not yet been measured. Past patterns may not repeat.

Methodology

How historical analogs are built

Data as of 2026-10-30. Outcome pool: Jan 2020 to Oct 2025.

For every company we look at the situation it is in today (valuation, return on capital, margins, debt, growth, 12-month price momentum, drawdown, size and volatility) and find past company-months that looked most like it. We then show what happened to those past situations over the following 12 months, measured against the ApnaFunda All index and against the base rate. It describes history. It does not predict anything.

What is compared

FeatureWeightNon-financialFinancial
P/E1yesyes
P/S1yes—
P/B1—yes
ROCE1yes—
operating margin1yes—
ROE1—yes
debt/equity0.75yes—
interest cover0.5yes—
revenue growth0.75yesyes
12-month momentum1yesyes
drawdown from 12-month high0.75yesyes
size0.75yesyes
volatility0.5yesyes

Weights were set by judgement before any outcome was looked at and are never tuned on results. Loss-making companies (negative P/E or net profit) are only matched with other loss-making companies. Banks, NBFCs and insurers are compared only with each other and use a different feature set. Every feature is converted, month by month, to its rank among companies in the same pool in that month, so a P/E of 30 in a hot market and a P/E of 22 in a cold one can match if both were equally expensive for their time. Only that month's data is used.

How closeness and the sample are defined

Distance is the weighted root-mean-square gap between the standardised features both companies have. A match needs at least 70% of the query's feature weight, a distance of at most 0.9, and 30 matches at minimum to be shown. We keep up to 50 matches with these exclusions: never the company itself, one match per company (its closest month), and at most 7 from any one calendar month so a single market episode cannot dominate.

Base rate

The base rate is the distribution of 12-month returns, relative to the market, of every eligible company-month in the same pool, with each month weighted to match the months the analogs came from. It answers: how did a random company do in these same months? Because matches from nearby months share the same market conditions, we also report the number of distinct 12-month windows behind a result, and a bootstrap that resamples months decides whether the analog median differs from the base rate at all. "Not meaningfully different" is the usual outcome and the page copy is written for it.

Limits you should know

  • One market period. The outcome pool covers 2020–2025 only (70 months), including the 2020 crash and the 2020–21 rally.
  • Survivorship. Only companies listed today are included. Delisted and bankrupt companies are missing, which flatters past outcomes, particularly for distressed-looking setups.
  • Price return only. Dividends are excluded, and the benchmark is an ApnaFunda market-cap-weighted index of the same listed companies, not an official index.
  • Reporting lag. Fundamentals are matched on an assumed 60-day lag after the quarter end, not on real announcement dates.
  • Pools: non-financial: 97,430 company-months from 2000 companies; financial: 5,632 company-months from 106 companies. 2240 companies currently have a result; the rest are suppressed because too few comparable situations exist.

Does it work? A walk-forward check

The walk-forward check has not been run for this build, so skill is shown as not yet measured.

Disclaimer

This is history, not a forecast. These are past situations where other companies had broadly similar reported numbers and price trends. What happened to them does not tell you what will happen to any company shown. The comparison covers only 2020–2025, a single market period, and only companies still listed today. Companies that were delisted or went bankrupt are missing, which makes past outcomes look better than they were. Returns exclude dividends and are measured against an ApnaFunda-built index, not an official benchmark. Fundamentals are matched on a 60-day assumed reporting lag, not actual announcement dates. Its historical skill has not yet been measured. Past patterns may not repeat.
Monthly history (17 months)
MonthP/ERevenue (TTM)ROEROCEDebt / Equity
2026-1024.8x₹1074 cr12.1%13.0%0.8x
2026-0929.5x₹1074 cr11.9%13.0%0.8x
2026-0826.7x₹1050 cr15.1%13.0%0.8x
2026-0748.5x₹1050 cr15.1%13.0%0.8x
2026-0661.6x₹1050 cr15.1%13.0%0.8x
2026-0518.2x₹1028 cr58.7%-2.0%0.6x
2026-0419.6x₹1028 cr58.7%-2.0%0.6x
2026-0319.4x₹1028 cr58.7%-2.0%0.6x
2026-02—₹1013 cr116.4%-2.0%0.6x
2026-01—₹1013 cr116.4%-2.0%0.6x
2025-12—₹1013 cr116.4%-2.0%0.6x
2025-11—₹985 cr118.9%-2.0%0.6x
2025-10—₹985 cr118.9%-2.0%0.6x
2025-091.0x₹985 cr118.9%-2.0%0.6x
2025-08—₹1003 cr108.4%-2.0%0.6x
2025-07—₹1003 cr108.4%-2.0%0.6x
2025-06—₹1003 cr108.4%-2.0%0.6x

Methodology and data notes

Methodology

Methodology and data notes

All figures come from public exchange prices and screener.in financial statements. Quarterly and annual results are shown from 60 days after the period end, so a month never uses a result before it would plausibly have been published. Statements are the latest versions, which may include later restatements.

Sector medians, percentiles and indices use today's listed companies in the sector (survivorship bias). Prices are adjusted for splits and bonus issues; around a corporate action the fundamentals may lag the price by up to a month, and affected sections are hidden.

The return decomposition uses price = P/E × net profit ÷ share count. The reverse DCF uses a fixed 12% cost of equity, a 10-year horizon and a 15x terminal P/E, and is an illustration only. Events, flags and twins follow fixed rules and thresholds described next to each section.

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