अApnaFunda

GMR AIRPORTS LIMITED (GMRAIRPORT)

Transportation · Other Transportation · figures to Nov '26

Quality scoreHow the business itself ranks against its sector peers on profitability, 3-year growth and leverage. 50 is the middle of the sector.80 / 100
Profitability 70Growth 91
Momentum scoreHow strong the recent trend is: 3-month price change, 12-month improvement in earnings and the rise in FII + DII holding, among companies above ₹500 cr.74 / 100
Price 49Earnings 75FII/DII 98

Share price

Closing priceAdjusted for splits and bonus issues.

₹99.4 latest close · −11.9% over the last 90 sessions

₹90₹100₹110Jul 3Jul 29Aug 24Sep 17Oct 14Nov 9 ₹90₹100₹110Jul 3Sep 4Nov 9

₹99.4 month-end · −8.3% over 12 months

₹90₹100₹110Nov '25Jan '26Apr '26Jun '26Sep '26Nov '26 ₹90₹100₹110Nov '25May '26Nov '26

₹99.4 month-end · +66.2% over 3 years

₹60₹80₹100Nov '23Jun '24Jan '25Sep '25Apr '26Nov '26 ₹60₹80₹100Nov '23May '25Nov '26

₹99.4 month-end · +553.9% since Jan '19

₹50₹100Jan '19Aug '20Mar '22Sep '23Apr '25Nov '26 ₹50₹100Jan '19Dec '22Nov '26

52-week range ₹84.11 to ₹115.64 · 1-year volatility 33.3%

How rough has the ride been?

Maximum drawdown-38.0%recovered 2020-08
1-year volatility33.3%annualised
Beta vs sector index0.923-year daily, correlation 0.65
Volume spikes2last 90 sessions, 5x the 50-day median

Drawdown from peak

0%−20%−40%2020202120222023202420252026−37.8% 0%−20%−40%2020202220242026−37.8%
Largest drawdowns

-38.0% (2020-02 peak to 2020-03 low, recovered 2020-08)

-33.0% (2022-01 peak to 2022-05 low, recovered 2023-07)

-31.9% (2024-07 peak to 2025-02 low, recovered 2025-11)

Most recent volume spikes

2026-10-09: 6.4x the 50-day median, price +5.2% that day

2026-10-08: 5.5x the 50-day median, price -3.8% that day

Beta is the slope of daily returns against a market-cap-weighted index of the sector's other listed companies, built from today's constituents (so it excludes companies no longer listed).

Where does it rank among Transportation peers?

Each cell is the company's percentile rank among its Transportation peers (non-financial companies) that month.
Darker is better-ranked.
Rows marked ↓ are inverted (lower debt, shorter cash cycle and a lower P/E rank higher).

Where it ranks today

  • ROCE54th▲ 34 pts vs a year ago
  • Op. margin86th▲ 4 pts vs a year ago
  • Revenue growth89th▲ 15 pts vs a year ago
  • Cash cycle ↓100th▲ 15 pts vs a year ago
  • P/E ↓5th
  • 12M momentum51st▼ 41 pts vs a year ago

Rank history

ROCE
Op. margin
Revenue growth
Cash cycle ↓
P/E ↓
12M momentum
Dec '21Jul '22Jan '23Jul '23Jan '24Jul '24Jan '25Jul '25Jan '26Jul '26Nov '26
Lower rank Higher rank Not enough data

Percentiles use today's listed companies in the sector and need at least 5 peers with a value; grey cells have too few.
ROE is computed from net profit and book value where the source does not report it.

The Transportation sector page Watch it move against Transportation in the Observatory

What is the price implying?

~46%annual earnings growth implied by the price

At a P/E of 216.1x, the price would imply about 46.2%/yr earnings growth for 10 years under the same assumptions, but it is not ranked.

Fewer than six years of annual earnings are available, which is too little to measure delivered growth.

“Implied growth” is what the current price would require under our stated assumptions, not what we expect.

What prices imply across Transportation The market-wide Expectations lists

Key figures

Share Priceclose 9 Nov
₹99.40
P/E
216.1x
ROCE
12.0%
Market Cap
₹1.06L cr
Revenue (TTM)
₹15569 cr
P/S
6.8x
Operating Margin
37.0%
Promoter Holding
67.2%
12M Momentum
-8.3%

52-week range

₹84.11₹115.64
48% of the way from its 52-week low to its high

Price risk

1Y volatility
33.3%
Beta vs sector
1-year daily
0.95

Balance sheet & cash

Interest cover
operating profit ÷ interest
1.2x
Share count, 1Y
unchanged

Are profits backed by cash?

3 of 5checks within range1 beyond a threshold
Other income reliance55%Beyond threshold

Other income as a share of pre-tax profit (trailing twelve months): 55.4%. Bands: below 15%, 15% to 35%, above 35%.

Tax rate29%Within range

Median quarterly effective tax rate over about 2.5 years: 29.0%. Bands: 15% to 35%, 5% to 15% or 35% to 50%, outside 5% to 50%.

Cash conversion—Not enough data

Not enough reported data to compute this.

Free cash flow2 of 5 yrsNear threshold

Fiscal years with positive free cash flow in the last 5: 2. Bands: at least 80% of years, 40% to 80%, below 40%.

Receivable days vs history-5 daysWithin range

Debtor days are below the median of the previous three fiscal years by 5 days (15 vs 20). Bands: under 15 days, 15 to 45, over 45.

Capital work in progress19% of fixed assetsWithin range

Capital work-in-progress is 19% of fixed assets. Bands: not rising or up to 30%; rising for three years and above 30%; rising and above 60%.

Payable days—Not enough data

Not enough reported data to compute this.

Tap a check to see how it is measured

How to read this

Each check is a named rule with fixed thresholds, not a score. Annual statements are the latest restated figures, so a past year may differ from what was originally reported.

All terms explained in the glossary →

Who has been buying and selling?

  • Over 3 years, promoters added 8.1 pts; FIIs trimmed 6.3 pts; DIIs added 0.9 pts.
  • The number of shareholders rose from 4.6 lakh to 6.8 lakh (+46%) between Sep 2023 and Jun 2026.

Holdings, Jun '26

How each group changed

GroupSep '23Jun '26Change
Promoters59.1%67.2%+8.1 pts
FIIs28.0%21.7%-6.3 pts
DIIs4.3%5.1%+0.9 pts
Public and others8.7%6.0%-2.7 pts

Number of shareholders

6.8 lakhshareholders+46% since Sep '23
4.6L6.0L7.3L8.7L Sep '23Jun '24Mar '25Dec '25Jun '26
Sep '23: 4.6 lakh
Dec '23: 5.4 lakh
Mar '24: 6.9 lakh
Jun '24: 8.7 lakh
Sep '24: 8.5 lakh
Dec '24: 8.7 lakh
Mar '25: 8.6 lakh
Jun '25: 8.1 lakh
Sep '25: 7.6 lakh
Dec '25: 7.2 lakh
Mar '26: 6.9 lakh
Jun '26: 6.8 lakh
4.6L6.0L7.3L8.7L Sep '23Sep '24Sep '25Jun '26
Sep '23: 4.6 lakh
Dec '23: 5.4 lakh
Mar '24: 6.9 lakh
Jun '24: 8.7 lakh
Sep '24: 8.5 lakh
Dec '24: 8.7 lakh
Mar '25: 8.6 lakh
Jun '25: 8.1 lakh
Sep '25: 7.6 lakh
Dec '25: 7.2 lakh
Mar '26: 6.9 lakh
Jun '26: 6.8 lakh

Quarterly shareholding as reported, labelled by the quarter it covers (it becomes visible about two months later).
Shareholder counts are only available for recent quarters.

This quarter's smart-money board

What happened next to similar setups

−7.7%typical 12-month return vs the marketNot meaningfully different from the base rate
  • We found 50 past situations where a non-financial company looked like GMR AIRPORTS LIMITED today on valuation, return on capital, margins, debt, growth, price momentum, size and volatility.
  • Over the following 12 months the middle half of them returned −23% to +14% vs the market, against −2% for all non-financial companies in the same months.
  • The gap against the base rate (−6.2%, 80% range −14.1% to +1.8%) is within what chance and overlapping periods produce.

Where the 50 outcomes landed

−100%−50%0%+50%+100%
ADANIGREEN · Apr 2024: −50.7% vs market
VIPIND · Feb 2023: −42.0% vs market
BRIGADE · Jan 2025: −39.4% vs market
HATSUN · Nov 2021: −39.0% vs market
RAMCOCEM · Jun 2023: −38.2% vs market
SUNTECK · Feb 2022: −37.5% vs market
NEOGEN · Jun 2023: −32.8% vs market
WESTLIFE · Sep 2023: −30.4% vs market
INDHOTEL · Jan 2020: −28.2% vs market
JUBLFOOD · Sep 2025: −26.4% vs market
LODHA · Feb 2025: −26.0% vs market
SHREECEM · May 2020: −24.1% vs market
ERIS · Oct 2025: −23.2% vs market
ZYDUSWELL · Jun 2021: −22.1% vs market
LEMONTREE · Feb 2025: −20.9% vs market
BATAINDIA · Aug 2022: −20.6% vs market
UPL · Feb 2020: −20.6% vs market
SAPPHIRE · Jan 2023: −19.8% vs market
INDOCO · May 2021: −16.9% vs market
DEVYANI · Dec 2022: −15.6% vs market
BHARTIHEXA · Sep 2025: −14.7% vs market
BHARATFORG · Apr 2024: −14.5% vs market
ADANIENT · Jun 2022: −9.2% vs market
DALBHARAT · Feb 2021: −9.1% vs market
BLUEDART · Jan 2022: −8.2% vs market
CHALET · Feb 2025: −7.1% vs market
FORTIS · May 2021: −3.2% vs market
METROBRAND · Mar 2023: −2.3% vs market
TATACONSUM · Feb 2021: −1.7% vs market
BIOCON · May 2024: +3.3% vs market
LMW · Feb 2022: +5.5% vs market
NH · Jan 2021: +6.5% vs market
NYKAA · Apr 2024: +8.2% vs market
TITAN · Apr 2022: +8.9% vs market
ANURAS · Mar 2022: +10.5% vs market
ULTRACEMCO · Apr 2020: +11.2% vs market
TORNTPHARM · Jan 2020: +13.4% vs market
GODREJPROP · May 2020: +14.3% vs market
VMART · Mar 2021: +15.3% vs market
MAXHEALTH · Sep 2022: +19.9% vs market
FLUOROCHEM · Oct 2025: +19.9% vs market
APOLLOHOSP · Feb 2021: +30.8% vs market
UNOMINDA · Feb 2021: +35.1% vs market
RADICO · Jun 2024: +43.5% vs market
PHOENIXLTD · May 2023: +47.2% vs market
MCX · Mar 2024: +53.0% vs market
ABB · Mar 2022: +64.2% vs market
VBL · Sep 2021: +73.9% vs market
TRENT · Jul 2023: +125.3% vs market
ADANIENSOL · Dec 2020: +194.8% vs market
Similar setups −7.7%All companies −1.5%← worse than the marketbetter than the market →

Each dot is one past situation (hover or tap for details) · Solid dots are the closest matches, listed below · Shaded is the middle half of all companies in the same months · 2 beyond the range shown, drawn at the edge

Similar setups' median
−7.7%
All companies' median
−1.5%
Beat the market
42% vs 48%

50 past situations · 50 companies · 35 months · 2020–2025

The closest matches

CompanyWhenP/EROCE12M mom.DrawdownNext 12 months
TRENT
Retail Trade
Jul 2023 141x12% +39%−1% +125%
CHALET
Consumer Services
Feb 2025 190x10% −9%−28% −7%
TORNTPHARM
Health Technology
Jan 2020 75x13% +6%−5% +13%
DEVYANI
Consumer Services
Dec 2022 139x16% +10%−15% −16%
WESTLIFE
Consumer Services
Sep 2023 131x15% +30%−6% −30%
Show the other 3 matches
CompanyWhenP/EROCE12M mom.DrawdownNext 12 months
BATAINDIA
Consumer Non-Durables
Aug 2022 234x8% +10%−13% −21%
SAPPHIRE
Consumer Services
Jan 2023 178x9% −4%−13% −20%
NYKAA
Retail Trade
Apr 2024 2525x6% +44%−9% +8%
How reliable is this?

Matched on P/E, P/S, ROCE, operating margin, interest cover, revenue growth, 12-month momentum, drawdown from 12-month high, size and volatility. Closest on: drawdown from 12-month high, 12-month momentum and P/S. Not used (unavailable for this company): debt/equity. One match per company and at most 7 from any one month.

Independent periods: the matches fall in 6 distinct 12-month windows. Matches from nearby months share the same market conditions, so fewer windows means less evidence.

How this is built

This is history, not a forecast. These are past situations where other companies had broadly similar reported numbers and price trends. What happened to them does not tell you what will happen to GMR AIRPORTS LIMITED. The comparison covers only 2020–2025, a single market period, and only companies still listed today. Companies that were delisted or went bankrupt are missing, which makes past outcomes look better than they were. Returns exclude dividends and are measured against an ApnaFunda-built index, not an official benchmark. Fundamentals are matched on a 60-day assumed reporting lag, not actual announcement dates. Its historical skill has not yet been measured. Past patterns may not repeat.

Methodology

How historical analogs are built

Data as of 2026-11-09. Outcome pool: Jan 2020 to Oct 2025.

For every company we look at the situation it is in today (valuation, return on capital, margins, debt, growth, 12-month price momentum, drawdown, size and volatility) and find past company-months that looked most like it. We then show what happened to those past situations over the following 12 months, measured against the ApnaFunda All index and against the base rate. It describes history. It does not predict anything.

What is compared

FeatureWeightNon-financialFinancial
P/E1yesyes
P/S1yes—
P/B1—yes
ROCE1yes—
operating margin1yes—
ROE1—yes
debt/equity0.75yes—
interest cover0.5yes—
revenue growth0.75yesyes
12-month momentum1yesyes
drawdown from 12-month high0.75yesyes
size0.75yesyes
volatility0.5yesyes

Weights were set by judgement before any outcome was looked at and are never tuned on results. Loss-making companies (negative P/E or net profit) are only matched with other loss-making companies. Banks, NBFCs and insurers are compared only with each other and use a different feature set. Every feature is converted, month by month, to its rank among companies in the same pool in that month, so a P/E of 30 in a hot market and a P/E of 22 in a cold one can match if both were equally expensive for their time. Only that month's data is used.

How closeness and the sample are defined

Distance is the weighted root-mean-square gap between the standardised features both companies have. A match needs at least 70% of the query's feature weight, a distance of at most 0.9, and 30 matches at minimum to be shown. We keep up to 50 matches with these exclusions: never the company itself, one match per company (its closest month), and at most 7 from any one calendar month so a single market episode cannot dominate.

Base rate

The base rate is the distribution of 12-month returns, relative to the market, of every eligible company-month in the same pool, with each month weighted to match the months the analogs came from. It answers: how did a random company do in these same months? Because matches from nearby months share the same market conditions, we also report the number of distinct 12-month windows behind a result, and a bootstrap that resamples months decides whether the analog median differs from the base rate at all. "Not meaningfully different" is the usual outcome and the page copy is written for it.

Limits you should know

  • One market period. The outcome pool covers 2020–2025 only (70 months), including the 2020 crash and the 2020–21 rally.
  • Survivorship. Only companies listed today are included. Delisted and bankrupt companies are missing, which flatters past outcomes, particularly for distressed-looking setups.
  • Price return only. Dividends are excluded, and the benchmark is an ApnaFunda market-cap-weighted index of the same listed companies, not an official index.
  • Reporting lag. Fundamentals are matched on an assumed 60-day lag after the quarter end, not on real announcement dates.
  • Pools: non-financial: 98,395 company-months from 2019 companies; financial: 5,659 company-months from 108 companies. 2349 companies currently have a result; the rest are suppressed because too few comparable situations exist.

Does it work? A walk-forward check

The walk-forward check has not been run for this build, so skill is shown as not yet measured.

Disclaimer

This is history, not a forecast. These are past situations where other companies had broadly similar reported numbers and price trends. What happened to them does not tell you what will happen to any company shown. The comparison covers only 2020–2025, a single market period, and only companies still listed today. Companies that were delisted or went bankrupt are missing, which makes past outcomes look better than they were. Returns exclude dividends and are measured against an ApnaFunda-built index, not an official benchmark. Fundamentals are matched on a 60-day assumed reporting lag, not actual announcement dates. Its historical skill has not yet been measured. Past patterns may not repeat.

What else looks like this?

Companies with the most similar financial profile today, regardless of industry.

JSW ENERGYJSWENERGY
Utilities
67%similar
market cappromoter holding
Finance
65%similar
revenuemarket cap
Health Technology
65%similar
revenueoperating margin
Health Technology
64%similar
market caprevenue
Industrial Services
62%similar
volatilitymarket cap
Transportation
54%similar
promoter holdingoperating margin
Transportation
11%similar
revenueROCE
Transportation
7%similar
ROCErevenue

Similarity is statistical, based on reported metrics; it does not imply similar business quality or future returns.

What changed?

30 events since Oct '21

  1. OctPriceVolume reached 6.4x its 50-day median on 2026-10-09; price +5.2% that day.
  2. JunResultsEPS (TTM) turned positive.
  3. JunPeer rankMoved into the 2nd quartile of Transportation on ROCE (from the bottom quartile).
  4. JunDividendStarted paying a dividend (payout 6017% of profit).
  5. MayPriceVolume reached 10.5x its 50-day median on 2026-05-29; price +2.6% that day.
  6. MarInstitutionsFII + DII holding rose 3.4 pts over 2 quarters to 23.6%.
  7. MarPriceVolume reached 5.3x its 50-day median on 2026-03-30; price -4.9% that day.
  8. NovPriceRegained the 2024-07 peak, 9 months after the low.
Show 22 earlier events
  1. NovPriceVolume reached 12.2x its 50-day median on 2025-11-18; price +6.2% that day.
  2. SepPriceVolume reached 10.4x its 50-day median on 2025-09-11; price +0.1% that day.
  3. JunPeer rankSlipped to the bottom quartile of Transportation on ROCE (from the 3rd quartile).
  4. JunSharesShare count is up 74.8% over 12 months.
  5. JunPriceVolume reached 8.2x its 50-day median on 2025-06-20; price +0.5% that day.
  6. FebPriceFell 32% from the Jul 2024 peak to the Feb 2025 low.
  7. DecPromoterPromoter holding rose 7.0 pts to 66.1%.
  8. DecInstitutionsFII + DII holding fell 13.6 pts over 2 quarters to 19.3%.
  9. SepPriceVolume reached 5.6x its 50-day median on 2024-09-05; price +2.5% that day.
  10. JunResultsRevenue (TTM) reached a new high of ₹8,755 cr.
  11. JunPeer rankMoved into the 3rd quartile of Transportation on ROCE (from the bottom quartile).
  12. AprPriceVolume reached 6.2x its 50-day median on 2024-04-26; price +6.6% that day.
  13. JanPriceVolume reached 11.7x its 50-day median on 2024-01-08; price +3.6% that day.
  14. DecPriceVolume reached 86.2x its 50-day median on 2023-12-08; price +11.7% that day.
  15. AugPriceVolume reached 14.8x its 50-day median on 2023-08-24; price +9.4% that day.
  16. JulPriceRegained the 2022-01 peak, 14 months after the low.
  17. NovPriceVolume reached 6.2x its 50-day median on 2022-11-30; price +5.7% that day.
  18. SepPriceVolume reached 7.5x its 50-day median on 2022-09-02; price +2.6% that day.
  19. MayPriceFell 33% from the Jan 2022 peak to the May 2022 low.
  20. MayPriceVolume reached 11.2x its 50-day median on 2022-05-24; price +1.0% that day.
  21. JanPriceVolume reached 6.6x its 50-day median on 2022-01-07; price -5.2% that day.
  22. OctPriceVolume reached 8.0x its 50-day median on 2021-10-01; price +6.9% that day.

Events are generated from the data by fixed rules.
The month shown is when the change became visible in the reported figures, assuming a 60-day lag after each quarter end; it is not an announcement date.

Where price and fundamentals disagree, market-wide Rewind the whole market to any month

Monthly history95 months · 2019-01 to 2026-11
MonthP/ERevenue (TTM)ROEROCEDebt / Equity
2026-11216.1x₹15569 cr—12.0%—
2026-10189.0x₹15569 cr—12.0%—
2026-09206.8x₹15569 cr—12.0%—
2026-08550.8x₹14807 cr—12.0%—
2026-07619.2x₹14807 cr—12.0%—
2026-06659.4x₹14807 cr—12.0%—
2026-05—₹13732 cr—7.0%—
2026-04—₹13732 cr—7.0%—
2026-03—₹13732 cr—7.0%—
2026-02—₹12391 cr—7.0%—
2026-01—₹12391 cr—7.0%—
2025-12—₹12391 cr—7.0%—
2025-11—₹11216 cr—7.0%—
2025-10—₹11216 cr—7.0%—
2025-09—₹11216 cr—7.0%—
2025-08—₹10413 cr—7.0%—
2025-07—₹10413 cr—7.0%—
2025-06—₹10413 cr—7.0%—
2025-05—₹9997 cr—6.0%—
2025-04—₹9997 cr—6.0%—
2025-03—₹9997 cr—6.0%—
2025-02—₹9571 cr—6.0%—
2025-01—₹9571 cr—6.0%—
2024-12—₹9571 cr—6.0%—
2024-11—₹9140 cr—6.0%—
2024-10—₹9140 cr—6.0%—
2024-09—₹9140 cr—6.0%—
2024-08—₹8755 cr—6.0%—
2024-07—₹8755 cr—6.0%—
2024-06—₹8755 cr—6.0%—
2024-05—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2024-04—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2024-03—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2024-02—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2024-01—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-12—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-11—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-10—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-09—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-08—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-07—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-06—₹6674 cr—4.0%—
2023-05—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2023-04—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2023-03—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2023-02—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2023-01—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-12—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-11—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-10—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-09—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-08—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-07—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-06—₹4601 cr—5.0%—
2022-05—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2022-04—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2022-03—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2022-02—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2022-01—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-12—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-11—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-10—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-09—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-08—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-07—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-06—₹3566 cr—1.0%—
2021-05—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2021-04—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2021-03—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2021-02—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2021-01—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-12—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-11—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-10—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-09—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-08—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-07—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-06—₹8395 cr—6.0%—
2020-05—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2020-04—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2020-03—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2020-02—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2020-01—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-12—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-11—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-10—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-09—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-08—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-07—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-06—₹7411 cr—5.0%—
2019-05—₹8556 cr-21.5%4.0%6.8x
2019-04—₹8556 cr-21.5%4.0%6.8x
2019-03—₹8556 cr-21.5%4.0%6.8x
2019-02—₹8556 cr-21.5%4.0%6.8x
2019-01—₹8556 cr-21.5%4.0%6.8x

Methodology and data notes

Methodology

Methodology and data notes

All figures come from public exchange prices and screener.in financial statements. Quarterly and annual results are shown from 60 days after the period end, so a month never uses a result before it would plausibly have been published. Statements are the latest versions, which may include later restatements.

Sector medians, percentiles and indices use today's listed companies in the sector (survivorship bias). Prices are adjusted for splits and bonus issues; around a corporate action the fundamentals may lag the price by up to a month, and affected sections are hidden.

The return decomposition uses price = P/E × net profit ÷ share count. The reverse DCF uses a fixed 12% cost of equity, a 10-year horizon and a 15x terminal P/E, and is an illustration only. Events, flags and twins follow fixed rules and thresholds described next to each section.

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